Unlike an elastomer, a straight metal electrodecan only stretch minimally without permanent damage andbreakage. Metal electrodes are typically embedded or pat-terned on an elastomer, such as rubber or polydimethylsiloxanethat is able to stretch to several times the initial dimensions ofthe material. One of the most important challenges in stretchableelectronics is the creation of conductive traces able to undergovery large deformations without permanent deformation orbreakage. ![]() As with a meander or serpentine inductor611, a fractal inductor can be used to create a highinductance density in a single-layer inductor in circumstanceswhere access to multiple metal layers is limited due to costconsiderations or unusual fabrication processes.The fractal inductor is interesting as a potential design fora stretchable electronics, where highly deformable inductorshave applications in medical monitoring 12 and strain sens-ing 13. ![]() Electrical devices based on fractals have beenpreviously demonstrated, with fractal capacitors shown to givehigh capacitance density in a single layer process 2 and frac-tal antennas to have useful multiband frequency behavior 3.Previous studies 4, 5, both based on a fractal known asthe Hilbert curve, have suggested creating inductors based onspace filling curves, fractals with the property of completelyfilling a 2-D surface.
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